Art & Industry

A Study of Design Aboard
the RMS Caronia

Page 1

The Cunard White Star Line's ‘Green Goddess’

Luxurious travel aboard an Art Deco styled British cruise liner

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Introduction

Like many ships of the Cunard Line, even today, the Caronia's interior was a symphony in Art Deco design. Whilst it goes in and out of fashion ashore, on sea-going vessels it's a long established method of immediately ensconcing its inhabitants in stylish comfort and luxury.

Considering the limitations of the immediate post-war years, the attention to detail aboard Caronia, especially in the passenger spaces, was quite remarkable. Whilst building the Timeline, I've been aware that an omission has been to identify the creators of many of the distinctive artworks and decorative features on board.

Two Sources

The quoted texts in the panels below and on the following pages, along with most of the photographs, come from 2 sources. Initially, I began with the contents of a 12 page article in Volume 47 No.278 August 1949 edition of ‘Art and Industry’.

Unfortunately the editor of the Magazine cannot be identified. The author of its article appears to have been an editorial source close to the Illustrated London News.

The magazine originated in 1922 as ‘Commercial Art’ though ceased publication in December 1959. It retained the title ‘Art and Industry’ until December 1958. In its final year the title was changed to ‘Design for Industry’.

My later source is from an 8 page supplement inserted into the “Ocean Times” distributed to passengers on the second morning at sea of Caronia's maiden voyage, on 06 January 1949. This insert, most probably printed ashore ahead of the voyage, is a very rare survivor indeed!

Creators Identified

This Art and Industry Virtual Tour addresses my neglect by giving credit to several creators and artists. Also, the Supplement pages have revealed within their advertisements many company names involved in creating Caronia's eminent interior, rivalling that of any ship afloat, including the Cunard Queens!

The photographs provide a visual feast of some of this artistry and will be a total delight to the connoisseur of fine maritime art within an art-deco setting. Several pictures have had some tinting applied to enhance them further… Enjoy!

Designing for Ocean Travel - The Caronia

The planning of an ocean liner involves a long term design policy and a complex system of teamwork. British prestige in shipbuilding has always depended on these considerations no less than on engineering skill. The 34,000 ton steamship “CARONIA”, largest vessel to be built since the war, is a further tribute to Clydebank and helps to consolidate Britain's world leadership in an industry vital to her survival as a nation. The article which follows describes some of the more interesting features of the design and interior decoration of this new Cunard White Star luxury liner.

RMS Caronia - the first Official Photograph
RMS Caronia - The First Official Photograph

To conceive a ship to maintain a place in North Atlantic service which would also be fitted in every detail for cruising in tropical waters called for the blending of the massive proportions of the Atlantic liner with the feminine grace of the cruising yacht.

Not only does this mean that exterior appearance shall not be bizarre, but also that the attention due to the special needs of the North Atlantic trade shall not make it difficult to include those features of design essential to the perfect cruising liner.

Inside the entrance to the Main Lounge
Inside the magnificent Main Lounge entrance
NavBar
Detail of 'Horses Released from Work' by F.H. Coventry
[Above]
Two tiles from the “Horses Released from Work” panel seen before the clock was mounted.

Above the entrance to the Main Lounge, decorated in carved and gilded gesso on polished veneer is a panel representing “Horses Released from Work” - designed and executed by F.H. Coventry, M.S., M.P., M.S.I.A.

“Spirit of Relaxation” by Barney Seale and Frederick Mancini

How successfully these exacting requirements have been fulfilled is evident from the imaginative vision in the design of the Caronia, the largest liner to be built anywhere in the World since the war. She entered Cunard White Star Atlantic service on January 4th, 1949, and her completion marks a new milestone in the development of the passenger liner.

[Left:]
“Spirit of Relaxation” a three-foot high bronze group by Barney Seale, F.R.B.S. and Frederick Mancini, A.R.B.S. for the Cabin Lounge.


The Cabin Class Lounge

Click Cabin Lounge photo to see it in situ
[Above]
2 further carvings by Mr. P.J. Bentham, for the First Class Private Dining Room
NavBar

The bold, clean lines of the hull at once take the eye. From the curved, well-raked stem, the main deck sweeps back to a terraced bridge structure without even the detraction to the vision of a mast. This has become a tripod structure, merging the functions of both fore and main masts, set abaft the bridge, with none of the tracery of supporting rigging to encroach on deck space.

January & February panels by E.R. Thompson

[Left:]
“January” and “February”
Two of the 12 panels designed by E.R. Thompson that represent the months of the year in Saxon times. These were sited in the spectacular ceiling of the First Class Smoking Room.

View enlargement photo of these panels
in situ in the Smoking Room Ceiling

Cycle of the Seasons in Country Life
‘Summer’ Carved limewood panel by Donald Gilbert

Depicted here are 2 of the 4, six-foot high limewood panels carved by Donald Gilbert, F.R.B.S. that were situated in the Balmoral Restaurant. Their theme combines the cycle of the seasons with the year's activities in country life, as described below.

[Left:]
“In summer the hay is scythed as swallows circle overhead: butterflies and dragonflies rise from the grass: In winter the woodsman's axe is heard in the woods. Then there is the harvest of the sea as deep-sea fishermen tend their nets, and in the rivers, salmon leap; the hunter with his faithful dog patrols the woods.”

[Right:]
“In autumn, on land, the apple-picker is busy in the orchard; bees return to the hive after the labours of summer, and, on the farm, women's part in the life of the country is symbolised by the farmer's wife feeding the birds in the farmyard.”

Another of these panels can be glimpsed in situ on the Strelitz Fashion Tour page 2 & gives an idea of their actual size. An image of another panel appears on Page 5 of this Virtual Tour.

‘Autumn’ Carved limewood panel by Donald Gilbert situated in Balmoral Restaurant

Copyright © Caronia II Timeline 2004-2026 All Rights Reserved
Page last updated on Thu, 27 Mar 2025

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